Distance Vector & Link State Routing Protocols

Routing is used to forward a packet from one network destination to other. Routing happens on Network Layer using IP Addresses. We can Achieve routing using Routing protocols

 

 

Routing Protocols

Static Routing - Uses Static Routes
Dynamic Routing - Uses Routing protocols to determine best path


Distance Vector Routing Protocols :

A router using distance vector routing protocols knows 2 things

1. Distance to final destination
2. Vector or Direction that the traffic should be Directed.

Characteristics of Distance Vector routing protocols :

1. Periodic Updates
2. Neighbors
3. Broadcast Updates
4. Entire routing table included in Routing Table.
  
RIP,IGRP are this type of protocols

Link State Routing Protocols : 

Also known as shortest path first algorithms, uses Dijkstra’s SPF Algorithm



1. Directly Connected Networks
2. Link - Its a link on a router
3. Link State - This is the information about the state of the router
4. Sends Hello packets to router to discover Its Neighbors
5. Connected interfaces that are using the same link state routing protocols will exchange
    Hello Packets
6. Once routers learn it has neighbors and form adjacency
7. Routers then flood LSPs to all neighbors
8. Routers use Link State protocol database to build a network topology table and
    calculate best path to each destination. 

OSPF is a Link State protocol.

Hybrid Routing Protocols : 

This protocols uses both Characteristics of Link State and Distance Vector

EIGRP is a Hybrid protocol.